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MPETERS, PHOTOALITHOGAFHER( WASHINGTON, D. C. V

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N PErFRsfHOTO-LITHDGRAVPMER. WASHINGTON D C @uitrit tates g'etenf @affirm Leners Paten: No. 80,487, dated July 2s, 186s.

IMPROVEMENT IN ROTARY STEAM-ENGINES.

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vTO ALL WHOM 1T MAY CONCERNr Be it known that LEDWIN W. JACKSON, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, Long Island, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Steam Rotary Motive-Power; and I do hereby declare that the" following is a'full, clear, and exact description thereof. l

My invention relates to that' class of machinery which is to be usedl'wherever steam is the propelling power of vessels, railroad-trains, and all kinds of machinery for manuufacturing purposes, where a steamcylinder is required. I A

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, nwhich- A, Plate I, gives a perspective view ofthe main shaft, having an opening, from side to side, as at Figure 1, inv which the pistons slide. i j Figures 2 ,and 3 form the centre-pieces for the end wheels. Figure 4 is that part of the main shaft which revolves inthe governors guides'. Figure 5 revolves inthe front plate of the governors guides. B, a view of one of the two pistons. Figure 6, the projections to which the axles of the governors are attached. 7, the governors axle. l 8, block placed at the hack. p 9 represents holes which pass'complctely through the pistons, to allow the steam to escape when o'ne piston is closing on tothe other, andalso to admit the steam when one piston is drawing off from the other.`

C, a view of one of thek four governors.V Caps shouldhe placed on the ends of the `axles, after the governors are put on, to k'eep them in their places; also washers shouldbe placed, one on eachlside, for the governors to play against.

Plate II gives a view of one of theend wheels. These wheels should he passed over -the ends of the main shaft, back rst, so that the shoulder marked 11 will meet the shoulder marked 10 on the main shaft. The two end wheels are formed exactly alike, and one pattern is all that is required for the casting ofhoth. They revolve withA the main shaft, to'which they should be firm-ly united, and, if possible, cast in one mass with the samc. 'The circular projecting parts, markedE, revolve in the back plates to frames or`covers of the end' wheels, as will be hereafter enplained. The end wheels can he made of any desired'strength by placing thick bands around their peripheres, o'r the same ca-n'be castvin one with the wheels. .The dotted circular lines `represent this band, as also shown in Plate V,. In order to render this explanationV more lucid, the end wheel isi given in parts in Platos III and IV. Y

H represents one vof the plates to he placed at 12 and 13, where they should beclosely fitted, the face meeting that of the wheel. At the haci: of these pieces, the projections of the pistonsslide, as the latter pass in and out'of the main shaft, as the pistons, with their projections, could not be placed in the end wheels without l the spaces at 12 and 13 are open. The plates marked H should be riveted on afterlthe end wheels, pistons, &c.,

l are put together. 4

Plate III, a view of the end wheel without the front platef y Plate IV, view of the front plate F, upon which the two halves are to be placed, as shownin Plate III. They should be firmly united. l

Il'ate V. G," view of the hand, which should be placed (when great strength is required) around the end wheels, but if the latter can he cast in one with the main shaft, there will be suicient strength without the additional hand. The small indentures at 14 and 15 are made for the ends of the projections of the pistons to play when they are drawn out to their full extent. i

Plate VI, a. view of a combination of the parts shown in the former plates, consisting of main shaft, pistons, governors, and 'end wheels, being the whole ofthe revolving or movable parts in this machine. main shaft;

B, pistons; C, governors; (i, projections of pistons; E, circular projections, which revolve in back plates oi' the 'covers to end wheels, the. covers being permanent fixtures; the dotted lines represent the small plates, H, placed in their sockets; I", front plate to end wheels.

Plate VII. I, view of one ofthe coversoi` vthe endwheels. 16, the circularv space in the front plate J, which encloses the circular projections E. The latter revolves in the former, and should be packed, as ,the piston in the common steam-cylinder. 17 is where apiece should be out out,t`or the purpose of allowing the covers to pass over the projections of the pist-ons, as the latter must first be placed inthe main shaft. A piece, afterwards, should be put in, as at H, on the end wheels, explained in Plate II. A circular'piec'e of packing should be placed on tbeinside or Aback of the front plate J, vas represented by the dotted circular line,.18, and should contiriuetothc edge of thc circular space', 1G. This packing will prevent the end wheels grinding against the 'plate J, and also prevent the steam from passing between the plate` and the end wheels., The plate .I can be made of any desired thickness for strength, and the circular projections E on the end wheels made to correspond.

Plate VIII, combined view of the former parts. I, covers to end wheels; '17,'place where a piece is set in, as shown in Plate VII.; E, circular projections on end wheels, B, pistons; A, main shaft; G, governors; 4 and 5,A that part of theumainrshafttwhich revolves lin governors guides. The covers to-the end wheels arc formed exactly alikeand can be cust from one pattern. Y

Plate IX. Ii, a`viewfof the iirst governors. guide, in which thc governors traverse.

PlateX. L, ,a viewof the second'governors guide. It will be seen-that the governors guides, K and L, cannot be cast/from one pattern. They mnst'be-plaeed facing each other, so that those sides containing the v perfect half circle will be on the saine-side of the machine as the cylinder.

Plate XI, a View of K and L, the governorsfguides,as attached to th'c other machinery. M, one of the plates` as yrepresented in- Plate XII. The-plate N lies opposite that ofv M. It will be noticed that, for all practical purposes, it would not-be necessaryfor-'the bearing of the main 'shaft to be' put lupon the governors guides, consequently no encroachment need be made on the urain shaft. v

Plate "XII, View ofthe plates M and N.' They should beirlnly attached tothe baekplates of the covers to the end wheels, onel to each plate, Sand placed so that the projecting-parts,19-and 20, will meettho niain -v shafts' vTo these projecting parts the bar of separation vis. toV be `unit`e.d (one ofjthefo'rmer to leach end ot' thc flattery) so that'they become a continuation of thcbar of seperation.V "lhe-dotted;v lines. show where the plates M and'N lie against the face-of .the circular projections lil,a'vhiclrareV attachedlto'the end'wheels. 'I he backs of plates M and N should be packed where the circular projections E play against-them. v

Plate XIII, view of tirev plates P, and Q. All'tho required --changes', inopening and closing the steamports, and thedoors of the`condensers to correspond, are effected by'raisng or loweringfavsingle plate, which is brought into operation onlywhen-ra change, either from a' forward. .or backward movement, is required.

' 28, upper steanrport; 29, lower steanrport; 30 andl, upper doors to 'condensers; 32 and 33, lower doors to condensers;` 34 and'd, circular plates, perforated for the purpose'otdispersing eol'd wateriin sinall streamsA over the inside walls'of the condonsers; O, the backf'plate, to'which th-e bar of separation is attached, and also the-.front edges of theA cylinder. On the face of this plate.l thelsliding plate P plays. y'Ihe centre piece,i23,

having the circular doors, plays between the projecting blocks, 21 and 22.-

The plate Q should be'placed outside the slidingr plate P, so that the latter platcplays between the two former, and the doors to thecondensers, in both 'plates O and Q, lic opposite to each other.V The oblongopen space, inyplate Q,.must have a projecting box oyer it, the bottom edge of which'mustbe-attached to 'the plate Q at 24,25, 2.5, and 27. This box forros a,steam-chest,'receiving the steam through a leader from the boiler, ashereafter will be shown.l 'At the bottom of this steam-chest', the centrepiece, 23, of the sliding plate P plays, opening and shutting the steaiwports, as may be required. The threeplates, 0,3?, and Q, here represented, are so constructed that, by simply raising orlowcring the sliding plate-I?, the desired .changes'are produced.

It can easily he seen by these drawings tha'titlthesliding plate P (here represented as raised) is passed on'a horizontal line over lthe face of the plate O, the upper steam-port will be closed, and 'the upper doors of the condensers thrown open, and at the saruc time the lower stcamfport will be open andthe lower doors ci' the condense-rs closed. When the `sliding plate P is lowered, thc upper steam-port is thrown open, and the upper doors 'of the condensers closed, and at the same tirn'e the l'ower steam-port is closed, and the lower doors of the condenser-sare thrown open. j I, i 'j Plate XIV, view of the three plateslO, I), and Q, represented in Plate XIII, given in their proper positions. lhe sliding plate Ibein'g raised, the upper steaurportlis'v closed'and the upper doors of condensers open, lower steam-ports open, andlower doors of condenser-s closed. A

This drawing givesa back view, showing the barot'separation, and how attached to the back` plate O. The front and back plates, O and Q, are bound in`theirrplaccs by two extra plates, iirmly-attached, one on each side, as at. 36 and '87. R represents oneot' the coudensers, having both inside and outside walls, for the :purpose of allowing a .narrow sheet of cold water to pass between the walls, thus making a'surface-condenser of the inside wall, the latter at the same time having small streams of water cast over its surface from the. circular plates, 34 and 35. S is an end view ot' theA other condenser, showing more distinctly the inside and outside plates. The outside platesvinust have caps-over "them, having holes suiiiciently large to supply with Water the circular plates, 3ft and 35. 'Ihc space'between the inside and outside walls-oi` these condensers must be left at top so that the condensing-water may pass between them at the same time the circular perforated plates are supplied! d Plate XV, view of the two c'ondonsers, R and S, in their proper positions, one on each sideuof the steamchest T. D, the main steam-port, to which a leader or steam-'pipe from the boiler should be attached. The main shaft A is here represented as'its surface' rests against the .face of the bar of separat-ion X. The cylinder softer 4 surface of the cylinder should be attained by striking a circle (the pistons being first drawn-out) which will touch the corners of their ilat surfaces. i l

Plate XXI, a view of the rotary motor, of suitable length for the diameteroi' theeylinder. It would seldom become necessary to malte th'e cylinder less in length than three times its diameter., butin many casesmore;

for instance, when attached to a locomotive for railroad purposes, where the axles of; the wheels should become `-the main shaft of the rotary, in which case length'otl cylinder would be more desirable than an increase of diameter. '.lhe dimensions here giveniare very small.- Tho length of cylinder would be nine and three-fourths inches, and the diameter three and one-fourth inches, witlrlengthof piston to correspond. The latter draws out from the main' shaft one inehgiving asurface of nine andY three-fourths square-inches for the steam to act against, boing a greater surface of piston than any other steam-cylinder of its sizeaud of the same proportions. p j i Y l g l i The common steam-cylinder'rcquires tobe filled twice with steam tocause' one revolution of the paddlewheels, while this rotary motor will give a. revolution with'less steam than will fill the common steam-cylinder once. This rotary should be constructed on the main shaft of avessel where paddle-wheels are used, and its front, or that side containing the condensers, placed towards the how. When thus placed, and the'vessel going forward, the pistons will draw out from the main shaft and run in again with but very little aid from thesteam, their specific gravity doing nearly all.

As there is no shifting of valves in this rotary motor, except when a change is required from either a forward or a backward movement, a vessel may be propelled,through the medium of this rotary, across the Atlantic,

without shifting a valve. The 4strain on the main shaft ofa vessel using this rota-ry would be small anduniform, and the hull more durable, i f i Plate XXII, a view of the piston, as it lies in the 'main shaft, showing Athe form it should have when a lengthy piston is required. It should swell in the middle, and taper down to itsproperrthickness at the ends, thus preventing any liability of its bending under the pressure of steam, The front edge or face of the piston should retain its form, as hereafter given, that it may pass the bar .of separation freely. I

Rules and .Propm'tz'onav lf the given diameter of the main shaft is two and one-half feet, the diameter of the cylinder inside would be six and'one-half feet, and the 'diameter of the outer boundary line o'f governors ten and one-half feet; diameter of, governors, two feet, and thickness six inches; diameterof axles to governors, six inches; pistons, from top to bottom, previous to their faces being cut down, two and one-fourth feet, thickness of'pistons, nine inches; flat surface, on face of pistons, measuring-crossways, four and one-halfiuehes'z 4,rise and fall of pistons, two feet; vwidth of bar ot'sepa'ration on the face, measuring crossways, nine inches. i

These proportions should be very accurately observed, in order to have the machinery run free. The

peripheries of the governors, when on their axles, andthe pistons sunk intorthe main shaft, should meet on a direct line with the surface of the latter. The'proportions are here given, without allowance'being made for `packing. `AGrrcat accuracy is required in the formation of the pistons. All that portion lying between the end wheels, being in length equal to the extent of' the cylinder, shouldY be rounded olil` on' their faces to the same curve as that of the main shaft, after which, the bottom of the lpistons should be cut away (taking in their extreme length) until they measure in height equal to nine-tenths the diameter "of 4the main shaft, after which, the faces of. the Apistons should be shaved down in a directline, leaving a lat'surface, measuring crossways .equal to half their thickness. In `cutting down the `i'ace's ofthe pistons and tapering ofi` their sides, c'are should be taken notzto encroach upon the ends lying Abeyond the faces of the end wheels. These ends should be nicely rounded off, to meet the inside curve ofthe cylinder when the pistons are raised. i

The above proportions are susceptible of change.- `4

What'l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is r 4 v The combination ofthe steam-chest T, (Plate XVIL) changeable steam-ports, (Plates XIII and XIV,') main shaft, (Plate I, fig. A;) the 'shifting pistons, 'perforated completely through, (Plate I, 13,) they having projections or shafts on their ends', to which the-four rollers, C C, (Plate VL) are attached,`one on each end; two endpieces, called governors guides, (Plates IX and X,) which are placed, one at 'each end of thepistons; thick bar, described as the bar of separation, (Plate XV, fr.) placed between the upper and lower steam-ports, and back plate O, (Plate XUL) to which the bar ofseparntionis attached, substantially as and fortheipurpose set forth.

'i kEDWIN W. JACKSON.

Witnesses:

JNO. Jonsson', H. C. MeKENs-nv. 

